By: Prof. Dr. M. Sabry Youssef (PhD)
The Eastern Desert of Egypt was always responsible, not only for its ground water supply, but also the source of Oases ground water in the Western Desert, in addition to hopeful Mineral Resources for future development.
Ground water exploration and research in the Eastern Desert followed the following stages:
The first Approach
Trees as Electrodes:
Wadi um Samuki in the Southern Eastern Desert was the location.
Life was completely absent except some scattered dry Sayal trees fighting for existence. Beside one of these trees I landed my Equipment.
It was very difficult to have a measurable current due to the extreme dryness of the top soil. I solved this problem by connecting one of the current electrodes to the Stem of the tree.
I expected that Roots in the Subsurface must meet a humid Zone. Thus a reliable current was obtained, and a smooth VES curve indicated a three layer case. Dry top soil, semi- aquifer and a highly resistant basement.
Drilling confirmed my interpretation.
The results indicated that
R2 = 200 ohm.mrs is much greater than prolific aquifer which was confirmed by later experience.
Data Base:
1- Reconnaissance work:
Our geophysical expeditions in the Eastern Desert collected available Date and measured VES near the following wells:
Um khariga – Wadi EL Gemal – Sheikh Shazly – Um Samuki –
Bir EL Gahilia – Bir Rahaba.
The paper was published later (M.Sabry Youssef etal, 1970)
2- Two Drainage Systems:
I selected two drainage basins separated by a water divide to represent the Eastern Desert one basin draining East towards the Red Sea, a Long wadi karim. The other basin draining west towards the Nile Valley along wadi Baizah . The two basins were covered by the following
a- Electrical Resistivity VES.
b- Magnetic profiles.
c- Photo geological maps.’
d- Pedological maps.
Results and details of this work are completed in the M.Sc. Thesis, by M. Shaban, under my supervision 1967.
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